Allelopathic properties of new fruit cultures

Abstract

The paper discusses the problem of alternation of new fruit cultures – bower actinidia (Actinidia arguta (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch. ex Miq.), European cranberry (Viburnum opulus L.), Cornel cherry (Cornus mas L.), Chinese magnolia wine (Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Bail).), Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica Lindl.) growing in fruit plantation (fruit-tree rotation) and nurseries (crop rotation), taking into account their allelopathic peculiarities.

Allelopathic activity of lifetime secretions, fallen materials (leaves, shoots, flowers, fruits) and root residues of these fruit cultures has been studied for the first time. It was determined that bower actinidia, European cranberry, Chinese magnolia vine and Japanese quince are autointolerant species, but Cornel cherry is one of the autotolerant species. Allelopathic after-effect of these plants was distinguished as species-specific one, on this basis, the schemes of their alternation in horticulture rotation are proposed.

Chemical nature of new fruit cultures allelochemicals is determined. It is ascertained that allelopathic activity of falls and roots is determined by availability of phenolic compounds, in case of magnolia vine, by lignans, in case of actinidia – by triterpenoic saponins.