Keywords
species of the genus Rhododendron
ontomorphogenesis
artificial population
How to Cite
Abstract
Objective – to study the peculiarities of formation of morphological structures and mechanisms of adaptation to new conditions at the initial stages of ontomorphogenesis of deciduous species of the genus Rhododendron introduced in the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden at the NAS of Ukraine; to identify critical periods and limiting factors at different stages of development of their seedlings under the conditions of primary culture.
Material and methods. The object of the study is the introduced deciduous species of the genus Rhododendron (R. albrechtii Maxim., R. canadense (L.) Torr., R. luteum Sweet, R. molle (Blume) G. Don., R. schlippenbachii Maxim., R. vaseyi A. Gray., R. viscosum (L.) Toor.). The study was carried out in 2005–2017 in greenhouse conditions and in areas of department of landscape construction of M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the NAS of Ukraine according to commonly accepted methods. We used recommendations R.Ya. Kondratovych (1981), A.U. Zarubenko (2006), I.M. Koksheyeva (2009), M.S. Alexandrova (1986), L.V. Vegera (2006) and others.
Results. At seed reproduction of studied deciduous species of rhododendrons under ex situ conditions (while providing optimal lighting conditions and humidity in the greenhouse (seedlings, juvenile and immature (1 year old) individuals) and the openground (immature, virginile and young generative individuals)) at the initial stages of ontomorphogenesis, no critical periods were found. Seeds of investigated species have a high germination (90–95 %). The seedlings were characterized by the rapid formation of vegetative organs and by accelerated formation of the generative sphere. Which contributed to the earlier, compared to natural conditions, flowering and the first fruiting. (R. canadense, R. luteum, R. molle, R. molle subsp. japonicum, R. vaseyi).
Conclusions. The obtained data testify to the natural (without any abnormal and critical phenomena) progress of the initial stages of ontomorphogenesis in all investigated species of rhododendrons. Growing conditions in greenhouses of the rhododendrons seedlings are required only at the early stages of development (seedlings, juvenile and partially immature individuals (3–10month)). Immature, virginile and young generative individuals under optimal conditions, quite satisfactorily tolerate openground conditions, successfully adapt and produce germinable seeds. That creates the prerequisites for the formation of viable artificial population and for the further selection of resistant to urban environments ecotypes.
References
Aleksandrova, M.S. (1986), Novoe v tehnologii vyrashhivanija rododendronov iz semjan [New in the technology of growing rhododendrons from seeds]. Ozelenenie naselennyh mest. Jekspress-informacija [Land scaping of inhabited places. Express information]. Moscow, N 6, Iss. 2, 8 p.
Aleksandrova, M.S. (2001), Rododendrony [Rhododendrons]. Moscow, 91 p.
Vegera, L.V. (2006), Bioekologichni osoblyvosti ta kul’- tura rododendroniv v umovah Pravoberezhnogo Lisostepu Ukrayiny [Bioecological features and culture of rhododendrons in the conditions of the Right-Bank of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine]. Uman: ALMI, 196 p.
HOST 13056.6—75 (1975), Semena derevyev i kustarnikov. Metody opredeleniya vskhozhesti [Seeds of trees and bushes. Methods of definition of germinating capacity]. Moscow, Izdatelstvo standartov, pp. 87—124.
Zarubenko, A.U. (1984), Podbor pochvennyh substratov dlja poseva rododendronov [Selection of soil substrates for planting rhododendrons]. Ohrana, izuchenie i obogashhenie rastitelnogomira [Conservation, study and enrichment of the plant world], Iss. 11, pp. 27—31.
Zarubenko, A.U. (2006), Kultura rododendronov na Ukraine [Culture of rhododendrons in Ukraine]. Kyiv, 176 p.
Koksheeva, I.M. (2009), Optimizacija metodiki prorashhivanija semjan predstavitelej roda Rhododendron L. [Optimization of seed germination methods for representatives of the genus Rhododendron L.]. Vestnik KrasGAU [The Bulletin of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University], Iss. 3, pp. 80—83.
Kondratovich, R.Ja. (1981), Rododendrony v Latvijskoj SSR [Rhododendrons in the Latvian SSR]. Riga: Zinatne, 332 p.
Maurin, A.M. (1961), Znachenie semjan mestnoj reprodukcii v akklimatizacii drevesnyh rastenij [Importance of seeds of local reproduction in the acclimatization of woody plants]. Mezhvuzovskaja konf. po jeksperementalnoj genetike [Interuniversity Conference on Experimental Genetics]. Leningrad, pp. 106—107.
Metodika fenologicheskih nablyudeniy v botanicheskih sadah SSSR (1975), [The method of observation in the botanical gardens of the USSR]. GBS AN SSSR [Main botanical garden of the USSR Academy of Sciences]. Moscow: Nauka, 136 p.
Nekrasov, V.I. (1971), Nekotorye teoreticheskie voprosy formirovanija introdukcionnyh populjacij lesnyh drevesnyh porod [Some theoretical questions of introduced forest populations of arboreal species formation]. Lesovedenie [Silvics], N 5, pp. 26—31.
Nekrasov, V.I. (1973), Osnovy semenovedenija drevesnyh rastenij pri introdukcii [Fundamentals of seed production of woody plants during introduction]. Moscow: Nauka, 279 p.
Nikolaeva, N.G., Razumova, M.V. and Gladkova, V.N. (1985), Spravochnik poprorashhivaniju semjan [Handbook on seed germination]. Leningrad: Nauka, 348 p.
Ontogenez introducirovannyh rastenij v botanicheskih sadah Sovetskogo Sojuza [The ontogeny of introduced plants in the botanical gardens of the Soviet Union]. (1991), Rekomendacii [Recommendations], I.I. Sikura (ed.). Kyiv, 184 р.
Rabotnov, T.A. (1950), Zhiznennyj cikl mnogoletnih travjanistyh rastenij v lugovyh cenozah [The life cycle of perennial herbaceous plants in the meadow cenoses]. Trudy BIN AN SSSR. Serija. 3. Geobotanika [Proceedings of BIN AS USSR. Series 3. Geobotany], Moscow; Leningrad: Nauka, 176 p.
Rekomendacii po promyshlennomu vyrashhivaniju posadochnogo materiala rododendronov v BSSR [Recommendations for the industrial cultivation of planting material of rhododendrons in the BSSR]. Minsk, p. 8.
Serebrjakov, I.G. (1954), O metodah izuchenija ritmiki sezonnogo razvitija rastenij v stacionarnyh geobotanicheskih issledovanijah [On the methods of studying the rhythm of seasonal plant development in stationary geobotanical studies]. Uchenye zapiski Moskovskovskogo ped. in-ta im. V.P. Potemkina. Voprosy biologii rastenij. [Scientific notes of the Moscow Pedagogical Institute after name V.P. Potemkin. Issues of plant biology], vol. 37, Iss. 2, pp. 14—19.
Sokolov, S.Ja. (1960), Derevja i kustarniki SSSR. Diko rastushhie, kultiviruemye i perspektivnye dlja introdukcii, Pokrytosemennye. Semejstva Mirtovye — Maslinovye [Trees and shrubs of the USSR. Wild-gro wing, cultivated and promising for introduction, Angiosperms. Myrtaceae — Oleaceae families]. Moscow, Leningrad: AN SSSR, vol. 5, pp. 248—309.
Uranov, A.A. (1967), Ontogenez i vozrastnoy sostav populyciy cvetkovykh rasteniy [Ontogenesis and age-related composition of populations of floral plants]. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 3—8.
Jäger, E.J., Werner, K. and Rothmaler, W. (2002), Exkursionsflora von Deutschland. Gefäßpflanzen: Grundband. Berlin: Spektrum, Bd. 2, 924 s.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.